HTML5 – it's the little things
December 19th, 2013
Much has been written about the major benefits of HTML5, but there are some overlooked details I really appreciate as well.
Prior to switching to HTML5, I used XHTML 1.0 Transitional for over a decade. I liked the XML-derived syntax, which encouraged rigorous coding standards. You could test your pages against the W3C standards using an online validator, a valuable first step in the time-consuming browser testing process. Why waste time addressing browser bugs if your code has errors to begin with?
XHTML 1.0 Strict: too rigorous?
This led me to investigate XHTML 1.0 Strict, which seemed to take the “rigour” concept to its natural conclusion. But I couldn’t get along with some of its restrictions. In particular, the “start” attribute of the <ol> tag was now illegal. This was a terrible idea. Here’s why.
Let’s say you have a regular numbered list and, for some reason, you have to break it into sections. So your first section has four elements, you need to omit the fifth and sixth, and you restart with the seventh. Your rendered code looks like this:
These are the available options. Items five and six have been omitted as they are incompatible with this product:
- List Item 1
- List Item 2
- List Item 3
- List Item 4
- List Item 5
- List Item 6
With 1.0 Transitional, you create a new <ol> after the fourth item, with a start attribute with the value 7. With 1.0 Strict, the start attribute is illegal, so the only way you can do this is with CSS. In other words, your HTML remains an ordered list numbered 1 through 6, and you rely on CSS – your presentation layer – to handle the change in numbering.
Keeping style and content separate
What happened to the separation of presentation and content? This approach relies on a styling mechanism to convey the meaning of your document. But the meaning of your document should never depend on the availability of a styling mechanism. Imagine, for a moment, a sight-impaired user discussing medication instructions with a pharmacist over the phone, while referring to a non-contiguous list of this kind. It’s easy to foresee how misunderstandings, possibly dangerous, could arise in this situation.
Strict means strict
It seems extreme to reject a protocol for one seeming error, even an egregious one. But Strict means strict. If you can’t fully adhere to a strict protocol, then you must find either a protocol you can adhere to, or one that’s innately forgiving.
HTML5: as strict as you need
This is all water under the bridge, of course. HTML5 is very forgiving, while allowing you to be as strict as you please. It has no problem with non-contiguous lists. So while much has rightly been said about the major advances of HTML5 – not least the new, semantic tags, improved form handling, better audio and video support – the greater coding flexibility is a fundamental improvement, whether or not any of these new features are used.
Despite HTML5's forgiving nature – the validator is still your friend.
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[menu_parent_article] => main-menu:0
[menu_parent_blog_post] => main-menu:0
[mollom_log_minimum_severity] => 6
[node_admin_theme] => 1
[node_cron_last] => 1626246318
[node_options_article] => Array
(
[0] => status
[1] => promote
)
[node_options_blog_post] => Array
(
[0] => status
)
[node_options_page] => Array
(
[0] => status
)
[node_preview_article] => 1
[node_preview_blog_post] => 1
[node_submitted_article] => 1
[node_submitted_blog_post] => 1
[node_submitted_page] =>
[page_cache_maximum_age] => 0
[page_compression] => 1
[pathauto_blog_pattern] => blogs/[user:name]
[pathauto_case] => 1
[pathauto_forum_pattern] => [term:vocabulary]/[term:name]
[pathauto_ignore_words] =>
[pathauto_max_component_length] => 100
[pathauto_max_length] => 100
[pathauto_node_article_pattern] => article/[node:title]
[pathauto_node_blog_post_pattern] => blog/[node:title]
[pathauto_node_page_pattern] => page/[node:title]
[pathauto_node_pattern] => [node:title]
[pathauto_punctuation_ampersand] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_asterisk] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_at] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_backtick] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_back_slash] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_caret] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_colon] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_comma] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_dollar] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_double_quotes] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_equal] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_exclamation] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_greater_than] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_hash] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_hyphen] => 1
[pathauto_punctuation_left_curly] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_left_parenthesis] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_left_square] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_less_than] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_percent] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_period] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_pipe] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_plus] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_question_mark] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_quotes] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_right_curly] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_right_parenthesis] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_right_square] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_semicolon] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_slash] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_tilde] => 0
[pathauto_punctuation_underscore] => 0
[pathauto_reduce_ascii] => 0
[pathauto_separator] => -
[pathauto_taxonomy_term_category_pattern] => category/[term:parents:join-path]/[term:name]
[pathauto_taxonomy_term_pattern] => [term:vocabulary]/[term:name]
[pathauto_taxonomy_term_tags_pattern] =>
[pathauto_transliterate] =>
[pathauto_update_action] => 2
[pathauto_user_pattern] => users/[user:name]
[pathauto_verbose] => 0
[path_alias_whitelist] => Array
(
[node] => 1
[taxonomy] => 1
[user] => 1
)
[preprocess_css] => 1
[preprocess_js] => 1
[save_continue_blog_post] => Save and add fields
[settings__active_tab] => edit-visibility
[site_default_country] => US
[site_mail] => web@cdelaney.com
[site_name] => Colm Delaney
[theme_cdelaney2013_settings] => Array
(
[toggle_logo] => 1
[toggle_name] => 1
[toggle_slogan] => 1
[toggle_node_user_picture] => 1
[toggle_comment_user_picture] => 1
[toggle_comment_user_verification] => 1
[toggle_favicon] => 1
[toggle_main_menu] => 1
[toggle_secondary_menu] => 1
[default_logo] => 1
[logo_path] =>
[logo_upload] =>
[default_favicon] => 0
[favicon_path] => images/favicon-01.png
[favicon_upload] =>
[scheme] => default
[palette] => Array
(
[top] => #0779bf
[bottom] => #48a9e4
[bg] => #ffffff
[sidebar] => #f6f6f2
[sidebarborders] => #f9f9f9
[footer] => #292929
[titleslogan] => #fffeff
[text] => #3b3b3b
[link] => #0071B3
)
[theme] => cdelaney2013
[info] => Array
(
[fields] => Array
(
[top] => Header top
[bottom] => Header bottom
[bg] => Main background
[sidebar] => Sidebar background
[sidebarborders] => Sidebar borders
[footer] => Footer background
[titleslogan] => Title and slogan
[text] => Text color
[link] => Link color
)
[schemes] => Array
(
[default] => Array
(
[title] => Blue Lagoon (default)
[colors] => Array
(
[top] => #0779bf
[bottom] => #48a9e4
[bg] => #ffffff
[sidebar] => #f6f6f2
[sidebarborders] => #f9f9f9
[footer] => #292929
[titleslogan] => #fffeff
[text] => #3b3b3b
[link] => #0071B3
)
)
[firehouse] => Array
(
[title] => Firehouse
[colors] => Array
(
[top] => #cd2d2d
[bottom] => #cf3535
[bg] => #ffffff
[sidebar] => #f1f4f0
[sidebarborders] => #ededed
[footer] => #1f1d1c
[titleslogan] => #fffeff
[text] => #3b3b3b
[link] => #d6121f
)
)
[ice] => Array
(
[title] => Ice
[colors] => Array
(
[top] => #d0d0d0
[bottom] => #c2c4c5
[bg] => #ffffff
[sidebar] => #ffffff
[sidebarborders] => #cccccc
[footer] => #24272c
[titleslogan] => #000000
[text] => #4a4a4a
[link] => #019dbf
)
)
[plum] => Array
(
[title] => Plum
[colors] => Array
(
[top] => #4c1c58
[bottom] => #593662
[bg] => #fffdf7
[sidebar] => #edede7
[sidebarborders] => #e7e7e7
[footer] => #2c2c28
[titleslogan] => #ffffff
[text] => #301313
[link] => #9d408d
)
)
[slate] => Array
(
[title] => Slate
[colors] => Array
(
[top] => #4a4a4a
[bottom] => #4e4e4e
[bg] => #ffffff
[sidebar] => #ffffff
[sidebarborders] => #d0d0d0
[footer] => #161617
[titleslogan] => #ffffff
[text] => #3b3b3b
[link] => #0073b6
)
)
[] => Array
(
[title] => Custom
[colors] => Array
(
)
)
)
[css] => Array
(
[0] => css/colors.css
)
[copy] => Array
(
[0] => logo.png
)
[gradients] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[dimension] => Array
(
[0] => 0
[1] => 0
[2] => 0
[3] => 0
)
[direction] => vertical
[colors] => Array
(
[0] => top
[1] => bottom
)
)
)
[fill] => Array
(
)
[slices] => Array
(
)
[blend_target] => #ffffff
[preview_css] => color/preview.css
[preview_js] => color/preview.js
[preview_html] => color/preview.html
[base_image] => color/base.png
)
[favicon_mimetype] => image/png
)
[theme_default] => cdelaney2013
[update_check_disabled] => 0
[update_check_frequency] => 7
[update_last_check] => 1712915298
[update_last_email_notification] => 1713340119
[update_notification_threshold] => security
[update_notify_emails] => Array
(
[0] => web@cdelaney.com
)
[user_admin_role] => 3
[user_cancel_method] => user_cancel_block
[user_email_verification] => 1
[user_mail_cancel_confirm_body] => [user:name],
A request to cancel your account has been made at [site:name].
You may now cancel your account on [site:url-brief] by clicking this link or copying and pasting it into your browser:
[user:cancel-url]
NOTE: The cancellation of your account is not reversible.
This link expires in one day and nothing will happen if it is not used.
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_cancel_confirm_subject] => Account cancellation request for [user:name] at [site:name]
[user_mail_password_reset_body] => [user:name],
A request to reset the password for your account has been made at [site:name].
You may now log in by clicking this link or copying and pasting it to your browser:
[user:one-time-login-url]
This link can only be used once to log in and will lead you to a page where you can set your password. It expires after one day and nothing will happen if it's not used.
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_password_reset_subject] => Replacement login information for [user:name] at [site:name]
[user_mail_register_admin_created_body] => [user:name],
A site administrator at [site:name] has created an account for you. You may now log in by clicking this link or copying and pasting it to your browser:
[user:one-time-login-url]
This link can only be used once to log in and will lead you to a page where you can set your password.
After setting your password, you will be able to log in at [site:login-url] in the future using:
username: [user:name]
password: Your password
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_register_admin_created_subject] => An administrator created an account for you at [site:name]
[user_mail_register_no_approval_required_body] => [user:name],
Thank you for registering at [site:name]. You may now log in by clicking this link or copying and pasting it to your browser:
[user:one-time-login-url]
This link can only be used once to log in and will lead you to a page where you can set your password.
After setting your password, you will be able to log in at [site:login-url] in the future using:
username: [user:name]
password: Your password
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_register_no_approval_required_subject] => Account details for [user:name] at [site:name]
[user_mail_register_pending_approval_body] => [user:name],
Thank you for registering at [site:name]. Your application for an account is currently pending approval. Once it has been approved, you will receive another e-mail containing information about how to log in, set your password, and other details.
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_register_pending_approval_subject] => Account details for [user:name] at [site:name] (pending admin approval)
[user_mail_status_activated_body] => [user:name],
Your account at [site:name] has been activated.
You may now log in by clicking this link or copying and pasting it into your browser:
[user:one-time-login-url]
This link can only be used once to log in and will lead you to a page where you can set your password.
After setting your password, you will be able to log in at [site:login-url] in the future using:
username: [user:name]
password: Your password
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_status_activated_notify] => 1
[user_mail_status_activated_subject] => Account details for [user:name] at [site:name] (approved)
[user_mail_status_blocked_body] => [user:name],
Your account on [site:name] has been blocked.
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_status_blocked_notify] => 0
[user_mail_status_blocked_subject] => Account details for [user:name] at [site:name] (blocked)
[user_mail_status_canceled_body] => [user:name],
Your account on [site:name] has been canceled.
-- [site:name] team
[user_mail_status_canceled_notify] => 0
[user_mail_status_canceled_subject] => Account details for [user:name] at [site:name] (canceled)
[user_pictures] => 1
[user_picture_default] =>
[user_picture_dimensions] => 1024x1024
[user_picture_file_size] => 800
[user_picture_guidelines] =>
[user_picture_path] => pictures
[user_picture_style] => thumbnail
[user_register] => 0
[user_signatures] => 0
[views_defaults] => Array
(
[comments_recent] =>
)
[404_fast_paths_exclude] => /\/(?:styles)\//
[404_fast_paths] => /\.(?:txt|png|gif|jpe?g|css|js|ico|swf|flv|cgi|bat|pl|dll|exe|asp)$/i
[404_fast_html] => 404 Not FoundNot Found
The requested URL "@path" was not found on this server.
)
[installed_profile] =>
[update_free_access] =>
[db_url] =>
[db_prefix] =>
[drupal_hash_salt] => xgnl9vW8fpMx7Pr5oSv8Hx6fSCehWlieeg0xAF3CCTA
[is_https] => 1
[base_secure_url] => https://www.cdelaney.com
[base_insecure_url] => http://www.cdelaney.com
[user] => stdClass Object
(
[uid] => 0
[hostname] => 18.224.38.3
[roles] => Array
(
[1] => anonymous user
)
[cache] => 0
)
[locks] => Array
(
)
[lazy_session] => 1
[language] => stdClass Object
(
[language] => en
[name] => English
[native] => English
[direction] => 0
[enabled] => 1
[plurals] => 0
[formula] =>
[domain] =>
[prefix] =>
[weight] => 0
[javascript] =>
[dir] => ltr
)
[language_content] => stdClass Object
(
[language] => en
[name] => English
[native] => English
[direction] => 0
[enabled] => 1
[plurals] => 0
[formula] =>
[domain] =>
[prefix] =>
[weight] => 0
[javascript] =>
[dir] => ltr
)
[language_url] => stdClass Object
(
[language] => en
[name] => English
[native] => English
[direction] => 0
[enabled] => 1
[plurals] => 0
[formula] =>
[domain] =>
[prefix] =>
[weight] => 0
[javascript] =>
[dir] => ltr
)
[multibyte] => 1
[theme] => cdelaney2013
[base_theme_info] => Array
(
)
[drupal_test_info] =>
[theme_key] => cdelaney2013
[theme_info] => stdClass Object
(
[filename] => sites/all/themes/cdelaney2013/cdelaney2013.info
[name] => cdelaney2013
[type] => theme
[owner] => themes/engines/phptemplate/phptemplate.engine
[status] => 1
[bootstrap] => 0
[schema_version] => -1
[weight] => 0
[info] => Array
(
[name] => Colm Delaney 2013
[description] => A simple theme, designed to integrate with an existing static site.
[core] => 7.x
[regions] => Array
(
[header] => Header
[help] => Help
[page_top] => Page top
[page_bottom] => Page bottom
[highlight] => Highlighted
[sidebar_first] => Sidebar first
[content] => Content
[sidebar_last] => Sidebar second
[footer] => Footer
[dashboard_main] => Dashboard (main)
[dashboard_sidebar] => Dashboard (sidebar)
[dashboard_inactive] => Dashboard (inactive)
)
[engine] => phptemplate
[features] => Array
(
[0] => logo
[1] => favicon
[2] => name
[3] => slogan
[4] => node_user_picture
[5] => comment_user_picture
[6] => comment_user_verification
[7] => main_menu
[8] => secondary_menu
)
[screenshot] => sites/all/themes/cdelaney2013/screenshot.png
[php] => 5.2.4
[stylesheets] => Array
(
)
[scripts] => Array
(
)
[mtime] => 1388095829
[overlay_regions] => Array
(
[0] => dashboard_main
[1] => dashboard_sidebar
[2] => dashboard_inactive
[3] => content
[4] => help
)
[regions_hidden] => Array
(
[0] => page_top
[1] => page_bottom
)
)
[prefix] => phptemplate
[engine] => phptemplate
)
[theme_engine] => phptemplate
[theme_path] => sites/all/themes/cdelaney2013
[_options] => Array
(
[custom_functions] => Array
(
[output_tag_meta_1] => custom_output_tag_meta_1
[output_tag_css_global] => custom_output_tag_css_global
[output_postamble] => custom_output_postamble
)
)
[js_lib_files] => Array
(
[jquery] => jquery-1.4.2.js
[lightbox] => jquery.lightbox.min.js
[equalcols] => jquery.equalizecols.js
[opacity] => jquery.opaqueChildren.js
[pngfix] => jquery.pngFix.js
[jloader] => jquery.jloader.js
[swfobject] => jquery.swfobject.1-0-7.js
[obfuscate] => jquery.obfuscate.js
[csstarget] => csstarget.js
[cycle] => jquery.cycle.js
[popupwindow] => jquery.popupWindow.js
[tablesorter] => jquery.tablesorter.js
[validate] => jquery.validate.min.js
[additional-methods] => additional-methods.min.js
[snowfall] => snowfall.js
[snowfall-standard] => snowfall-standard.js
[snowfall-jquery] => snowfall-jquery.min.js
[cdelaney] => cdelaney.js
)
[_testvar] => apricot
[_testvar2] =>
[_nav] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[link_label] => Home
[path] => /
[page_title] => Colm Delaney
[h1] =>
[menu] => Main, Utility
[slug] => home
[description] => Colm Delaney, based in Seattle, provides web design, development, and consulting services.
[path_edited] => /
[level] => 0
[has_children] =>
)
[1] => Array
(
[link_label] => About
[path] => /about/
[page_title] => About
[h1] => About
[menu] => Main, Utility, Footer
[slug] => about
[description] => Colm Delaney's background, educational and professional history, experience, and design philosophy.
[path_edited] => about/
[level] => 1
[has_children] =>
)
[2] => Array
(
[link_label] => Work
[path] => /work/
[page_title] => Work
[h1] => Work
[menu] => Main, Utility, Footer
[slug] => work
[description] => View selected examples of Colm Delaney's completed web projects, including case studies.
[path_edited] => work/
[level] => 1
[has_children] =>
)
[3] => Array
(
[link_label] => Blog
[path] => /blog/
[page_title] => Blog
[h1] => Blog
[menu] => Main
[slug] => blog
[description] =>
[path_edited] => blog/
[level] => 1
[has_children] =>
)
[4] => Array
(
[link_label] => Contact
[path] => /contact/
[page_title] => Contact
[h1] => Contact
[menu] => Main, Utility, Footer
[slug] => contact
[description] => Contact Colm Delaney by email, phone, mail, and social media.
[path_edited] => contact/
[level] => 1
[has_children] =>
)
[5] => Array
(
[link_label] => Other
[path] => /other/
[page_title] => Other
[h1] => Other
[menu] =>
[slug] => other
[description] =>
[path_edited] => other/
[level] => 1
[has_children] =>
)
[6] => Array
(
[link_label] => Template
[path] => /template/
[page_title] => Template
[h1] => Template
[menu] =>
[slug] => template
[description] =>
[path_edited] => template/
[level] => 1
[has_children] =>
)
)
[_breadcrumbs] => Array
(
)
[_test] =>
[_page_data] => Array
(
[id] => blog-html5-its-the-little-things
[page_title] => Blog
[h1] =>
[parent_slug] => blog
[class_string] => blog
[level] => 1
[meta_description_edited] =>
)
)
https://cdn.cdelaney.com/js/cdelaney.js is a CDN URL
live
/
$fileurl_equivalent: /js/cdelaney.js